Difference Between MAX30100 and MAX30102 Sensors: A Comprehensive Comparison
Are you trying to choose between the MAX30100 and MAX30102 sensors for your next project? With so many questions around accuracy, connectivity, and functionality, understanding these heart rate and pulse oximeter sensors is essential. This guide will clarify their differences, features, and working principles to help you make an informed decision.
What Is the MAX30100 Sensor?
The MAX30100 is an integrated pulse oximeter and heart rate monitoring sensor. It combines two LEDs, a photodetector, enhanced optics, and low-noise analog signal processing to deliver reliable measurements of oxygen saturation (SpO2) and heart rate. The sensor operates on 1.8V and 3.3V power sources and features software-controlled power-down mode for minimal standby current.
Pin Configuration of MAX30100:
The MAX30100 module features seven pins that use the I2C communication protocol:
| Pin | Function |
| VIN | Voltage Input |
| SCL | I2C – Serial Clock |
| SDA | I2C – Serial Data |
| INT | Active Low Interrupt |
| IRD | IR LED Cathode (leave floating) |
| RD | Red LED Cathode (leave floating) |
| GND | Ground |
Working of MAX30100:
The sensor uses two LEDs: a red LED (660 nm wavelength) and an infrared LED (940 nm wavelength). While red light measures oxygen levels, infrared light tracks pulse rate. Blood absorbs and reflects light differently based on oxygenation levels, and these variations are processed to determine heart rate and oxygen saturation.
What Is the MAX30102 Sensor?
The MAX30102 is an upgraded version of the MAX30100, offering enhanced performance and additional features. This optical sensor combines a pulse oximeter and heart rate monitor and emits red and infrared light through two LEDs. It measures the absorbance of pulsating blood via a photodetector, making it ideal for wearable health devices.
Pin Configuration of MAX30102:
Like its predecessor, the MAX30102 module has seven pins and uses the I2C communication protocol:
| Pin | Function |
| VIN | Voltage Input |
| SCL | I2C – Serial Clock |
| SDA | I2C – Serial Data |
| INT | Active Low Interrupt |
| IRD | IR LED Cathode |
| RD | Red LED Cathode |
| GND | Ground |
Key Features of MAX30102:
- 32-bit FIFO: Stores more data compared to the MAX30100’s 16-bit FIFO.
- 18-bit ADC Resolution: Higher sensitivity to changes in light absorption.
- Configurable LED Pulse Width: Allows power optimization for different applications.
- Temperature Sensor: Ensures accurate readings by compensating for ambient temperature changes.
Technical Comparison: MAX30100 vs. MAX30102
| Feature | MAX30100 | MAX30102 |
| Power Supply Voltage | 1.8V – 3.3V | 1.8V – 3.3V |
| Maximum Current | 1200 µA | 1200 µA |
| ADC Resolution | 14 bits | 18 bits |
| Red LED Peak Wavelength | 650 – 670 nm | 650 – 670 nm |
| Infrared LED Peak Wavelength | 870 – 900 nm | 870 – 900 nm |
| Temperature Sensor Range | -40 to 85°C | -40 to 85°C |
| FIFO Depth | 16 bits | 32 bits |
Functional Advantages of MAX30102 Over MAX30100:
- Higher Resolution: With 18-bit ADC resolution, the MAX30102 is more sensitive and accurate.
- Lower Power Consumption: Narrower LED pulse widths make the MAX30102 more energy-efficient.
- Enhanced Data Storage: The 32-bit FIFO allows for faster data handling and fewer interruptions in communication.
How Does a Pulse Oximeter Work?
Pulse oximeters use light to measure oxygen saturation levels and heart rate. When light passes through a fingertip or earlobe, oxygenated blood absorbs infrared light and reflects red light. Deoxygenated blood absorbs red light and reflects infrared light. These variations are detected by the sensor’s photodiode and processed to provide accurate readings.
Choosing the Right Sensor for Your Project
If you need a budget-friendly option with basic functionality, the MAX30100 is a solid choice. However, for advanced applications requiring higher accuracy, lower power consumption, and enhanced features, the MAX30102 is worth the investment.
Both sensors are reliable for health monitoring applications, but understanding their capabilities ensures the best performance for your needs.
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